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• Data Warehousing
A subject-oriented, integrated, time-variant, and
nonvolatile collection of data in support of decision-making
process.

• Data Marts
• R. Kimball - “a data mart is a flexible set of data, ideally
based on the most atomic (granular) data possible to
extract from operational source, and presented in a
symmetric (dimensional) model that is resilient when faced
with unexpected user queries”
• “in its most simplistic form a data mart represent data
from a single business process”
Business process = purchase order, store inventory, etc
Definitions

• OLAP = On-line Analytical Processing
A reporting system designed to allow different flexible
analysis in real time, on-line, with data structures designed
for fast retrieval, with redundancy included to support
performance. Note: “On-line” doesn’t indicate data from
on-line systems, rather on-the-fly

• OLAP Basics
– Drill-down - decreasing the level of aggregation
– Drill-up/Roll-up - increasing the level of aggregation
– Drill-across - move between different star-join schemas
using conformed dimensions and joins
– Slicing and dicing – ability to look at the database from
different views, e.g. one slice shows all sales of product
type within regions, another slice shows all sales by sales
channel within each product type
– Pivoting - e.g. change columns to rows, rows to columns
– Ranking - sorting

Business Intelligence (BI)
Forrester definition: A process of transforming data into information
and making it available to users in time to make a difference.

Strategic BI (Examples: Balance scorecard, Strategic Planning)
• Who: strategic leaders
• What: formulate strategy and monitor corporate performance.

Operational BI (Examples: Budgeting, Sales forcasting)
• Who: operational managers
• What: execution of strategy againts objectives.

Analytical BI (Examples: Financial and Sales Analysis, Customer
Segmentation, Clickstream analysis)
• Who: analysts, knowledge worker, controller
• What: ad-hoc analysis.

• Dimensional Modeling
The process and outcome of designing logical database schemas created to support OLAP and Data Warehousing solutions.

THE Definition
• OLTP = On Line Transactional Processing
– Each transaction must be written to the database in real time, i.e. “on line” Transactional System Emphasis
• Data structures must enable consistent and fast writing.

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